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The distinction between the meaning of the terms citizenship and nationality is not always clear in the English language and differs by country. Generally, nationality refers a person's legal belonging to a state and is the common term used in international treaties when referring to members of that polity; citizenship refers to the set of rights and duties a person has in that nation. [3]
Countries in the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement. The arrangement was announced on 4 February 1973 and came into effect soon after. The arrangement is not expressed in the form of any binding bilateral treaty between Australia and New Zealand, but rather is a series of immigration procedures applied by each country and underpinned by joint political support. [2]
Until 31 December 2022, New Zealand citizens who were granted the subclass 189 NZ visa were eligible to apply for Australian citizenship after 12 months, in addition to the 5 years as a SCV holder. Since 1 January 2023, New Zealand citizens who have been granted the subclass 189 NZ visa can immediately apply for Australian citizenship without ...
Children born to Australians in New Zealand are granted New Zealand citizenship by birth as well as Australian citizenship by descent. [52] New Zealand Ministry of Education figures show the number of Australians at New Zealand tertiary institutions almost doubled from 1,978 students in 1999 to 3,916 in 2003. In 2004 more than 2700 Australians ...
Since 1994, Australia has maintained a universal visa regime, meaning that every non-citizen in Australia must have a visa, either as a result of an application, or one granted automatically by law. [2] Australia does not issue visas on arrival except for New Zealand citizens. [3]
Children born inside Australia will be Australian citizens by birth. [9] The right to access medical and social security benefits, though there is a 2-year waiting period for some benefits. [10] The right to travel to New Zealand without applying for a New Zealand visa. (This right is granted by the New Zealand government.)
The state attracted 29.6% of all Singaporean-born Australian residents, and narrowly trailed New South Wales in having the largest population of British-born Australian residents. Queensland had 695,525 overseas-born residents, and attracted the greatest proportion of persons born in Papua New Guinea (52.4%) and in New Zealand (38.2%).
International students who apply to study in Australia will need to meet English language proficiency requirements to obtain a valid student visa. [23] Students must have taken the English language test in the last two years before they apply for a students visa, or the validity will expire. [7]