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Nicotine use for tobacco cessation has few contraindications. [71] It is not known whether nicotine replacement therapy is effective for smoking cessation in adolescents, as of 2014. [72] It is therefore not recommended to adolescents. [73] It is not safe to use nicotine during pregnancy or breastfeeding, although it is safer than smoking.
Local irritation can be induced by skin or mucosal nicotine exposure. [172] The nicotine in e-liquid can be hazardous to infants. [173] Even a portion of e-liquid may be lethal to a little child. [174] An excessive amount of nicotine for a child that is capable of being fatal is 0.1–0.2 mg/kg of body weight. [63]
Nicotine dependence[notes 2] is a state of substance dependence on nicotine. [3] It is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by a compulsive craving to use the drug despite social consequences, loss of control over drug intake, and the emergence of withdrawal symptoms. [7] Tolerance is another component of drug dependence. [8]
Tobacco harm reduction (THR) is a public health strategy to lower the health risks to individuals and wider society associated with using tobacco products. It is an example of the concept of harm reduction, a strategy for dealing with the use of drugs. Tobacco smoking is widely acknowledged as a leading cause of illness and death, [1] and ...
In 2015 the English National Health Service advice page on smoking said "E-cigarettes are not risk free, but on current evidence they carry a fraction of the risk of smoked tobacco. As well as nicotine, e-cigarette liquid and vapour can contain toxic substances, although these are either at lower levels than seen in cigarette smoke or at levels ...
Nicotine pouches are a tobacco product that is held between the user’s lip and gum, allowing nicotine to be absorbed into the body. These products do not contain tobacco leaf.
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a medically approved way to treat people with tobacco use disorder by taking nicotine through means other than tobacco. [ 6 ] It is used to help with quitting smoking or stopping chewing tobacco. [ 1 ][ 7 ] It increases the chance of quitting tobacco smoking by about 55%. [ 8 ]
Nicotine withdrawal is a group of symptoms that occur in the first few weeks after stopping or decreasing use of nicotine. Symptoms include intense cravings for nicotine, anger or irritability, anxiety, depression, impatience, trouble sleeping, restlessness, hunger, weight gain, and difficulty concentrating. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Withdrawal symptoms ...