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Nicotine-containing e-liquids are extracted from tobacco that may contain impurities. [50] Tobacco-specific impurities such as cotinine , nicotine-N'-oxides ( cis and trans isomers), and beta-nornicotyrine are believed to be the result of bacterial action or oxidation during the extracting of nicotine from tobacco.
E-cigarettes without nicotine may reduce tobacco cravings because of the smoking-related physical stimuli. [ 121 ] A 2015 meta-analysis on clinical trials found that e-cigarettes containing nicotine are more effective than nicotine-free ones for quitting smoking. [ 150 ]
There is possibility that inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact can expose people to high levels of nicotine. [63] Concerns with exposure to the e-liquids include leaks or spills and contact with contaminants in the e-liquid. [73] Pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and the elderly are more sensitive to nicotine than other individuals. [74]
Nicotine products like gum and mints — which some people use to help curb their addition and eventually quit smoking and vaping — are the “least harmful” way to consume nicotine, according ...
Evidence revealed that common medicines varenicline, cytisine, and nicotine e-cigarettes were the most effective treatments. Varenicline is a prescription oral tablet designed to help with smoking ...
Nicotine use for tobacco cessation has few contraindications. [71] It is not known whether nicotine replacement therapy is effective for smoking cessation in adolescents, as of 2014. [72] It is therefore not recommended to adolescents. [73] It is not safe to use nicotine during pregnancy or breastfeeding, although it is safer than smoking.
Nicotine pouches are a tobacco product that is held between the user’s lip and gum, allowing nicotine to be absorbed into the body. These products do not contain tobacco leaf.
The scientific community in the United States and Europe are primarily concerned with the possible effect of electronic cigarette use on public health. [1] There is concern among public health experts that e-cigarettes could renormalize smoking, weaken measures to control tobacco, [2] and serve as a gateway for smoking among youth. [3]