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Special pleading. Special pleading is an informal fallacy wherein one cites something as an exception to a general or universal principle, without justifying the special exception. [1][2][3][4][5] It is the application of a double standard. [6][7] In the classic distinction among material fallacies, cognitive fallacies, and formal fallacies ...
The Court of Appeals (Filipino: Hukuman ng Apelasyon; [ 2 ] previously Hukuman ng Paghahabol[ 3 ]) is an appellate collegiate court in the Philippines. The Court of Appeals consists of one presiding justice and sixty-eight associate justices. Pursuant to the Constitution, the Court of Appeals "reviews not only the decisions and orders of the ...
Owing to the unique history of the Philippines, its legal system is an equally unique blend of civil law (Spanish law), common law (American law), and, especially in Mindanao, Shariah law. Below is a list of Philippine legal terms: A case brought under administrative law in the form of a quasi-judicial proceeding by an agency of a non-judicial ...
Facade in 2023. The Sandiganbayan (lit. ' Support of the nation ' [2]) is a special appellate collegial court in the Philippines that has jurisdiction over criminal and civil cases involving graft and corrupt practices and other offenses committed by public officers and employees, including those in government-owned and controlled corporations.
A subpoena duces tecum (pronounced in English / səˈpiːnə ˌdjuːsiːz ˈtiːkəm / sə-PEE-nə DEW-seez TEE-kəm), or subpoena for production of evidence, is a court summons ordering the recipient to appear before the court and produce documents or other tangible evidence for use at a hearing or trial. In some jurisdictions, it can also be ...
Some of the justices demanded written proof in the form of charters, others accepted a plea of "immemorial tenure"; [9] and resistance [10] and the unrecorded nature of many grants meant that eventually, by the Statute of Quo Warranto (1290), the principle was generally accepted that those rights peacefully exercised since 1189 – the ...
Rule 2 - Definition of Terms, defines the legal terms used in the terms and phrases defined in Article 212 of the Labor Code shall be given the same meanings when used in NLRC cases. Rule 3 - Pleadings, notices and appearances , signifies that the parties involved will be given due notice for any impending proceedings.
United States Reports, the official reporter of the Supreme Court of the United States. Case citation is a system used by legal professionals to identify past court case decisions, either in series of books called reporters or law reports, or in a neutral style that identifies a decision regardless of where it is reported.