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The tetranucleotide hypothesis of Phoebus Levene [1] proposed that DNA was composed of repeating sequences of four nucleotides. [2] It was very influential for three decades, and was developed by Levene at least into the 1910, and the diagram at the right illustrates the view of Levene and Tipson. [3] In 1940, at the time of Levene's death ...
Phoebus Aaron Theodore Levene (25 February 1869 – 6 September 1940) was a Russian-born American biochemist who studied the structure and function of nucleic acids. He characterized the different forms of nucleic acid, DNA from RNA , and found that DNA contained adenine , guanine , thymine , cytosine , deoxyribose , and a phosphate group.
For this research, Chargaff is credited with disproving the tetranucleotide hypothesis [14] (Phoebus Levene's widely accepted hypothesis that DNA was composed of a large number of repeats of GACT). Most researchers had previously assumed that deviations from equimolar base ratios (G = A = C = T) were due to experimental error, but Chargaff ...
Hershey–Chase experiment. The Hershey–Chase experiments were a series of experiments conducted in 1952 [1] by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase that helped to confirm that DNA is genetic material. While DNA had been known to biologists since 1869, [2] many scientists still assumed at the time that proteins carried the information for ...
Levene's test. In statistics, Levene's test is an inferential statistic used to assess the equality of variances for a variable calculated for two or more groups. [1] This test is used because some common statistical procedures assume that variances of the populations from which different samples are drawn are equal.
The Brown–Forsythe test is a statistical test for the equality of group variances based on performing an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on a transformation of the response variable. When a one-way ANOVA is performed, samples are assumed to have been drawn from distributions with equal variance. If this assumption is not valid, the resulting F ...
TETRA is a statistical classifier that uses tetranucleotide usage patterns in genomic fragments. [11] There are four possible nucleotides in DNA , therefore there can be 4 4 = 256 {\displaystyle 4^{4}=256} different fragments of four consecutive nucleotides; these fragments are called tetramers.
The double-helix model of DNA structure was first published in the journal Nature by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, [6] (X,Y,Z coordinates in 1954 [7]) based on the work of Rosalind Franklin and her student Raymond Gosling, who took the crucial X-ray diffraction image of DNA labeled as "Photo 51", [8] [9] and Maurice Wilkins, Alexander Stokes, and Herbert Wilson, [10] and base-pairing ...