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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022 [ 1 ]) is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common language and standard criteria. It is an internationally accepted manual on the diagnosis and treatment ...
Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) [6][7] Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS) Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) PTSD Symptom Scale – Self-Report Version. Screen for child anxiety related disorders. Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory-Brief form.
"Depression with anxious distress" was added into the DSM-5 as a means to emphasize the common co-occurrence between depression or mania and anxiety, as well as the risk of suicide of depressed individuals with anxiety. Specifying in such a way can also help with the prognosis of those diagnosed with a depressive or bipolar disorder.
The philosopher and psychiatrist Karl Jaspers made influential use of a "biographical method" and suggested ways to diagnose based on the form rather than content of beliefs or perceptions. In regard to classification in general he prophetically remarked that: "When we design a diagnostic schema, we can only do so if we forego something at the ...
DSM-5online. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition(DSM-5), is the 2013 update to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the taxonomicand diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association(APA). In 2022, a revised version (DSM-5-TR) was published.[1]
Observable agitation or retardation (noticeable by others) Fatigue, tiredness, or loss of energy. Feeling worthless or feeling excessive or delusional guilt. Impaired ability to concentrate, think ...
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