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The Cambodian conflict, also known as the Khmer Rouge insurgency, [5] was an armed conflict that began in 1979 when the Khmer Rouge government of Democratic Kampuchea was deposed during the Cambodian-Vietnamese War. The war concluded in 1999 when remaining Khmer Rouge forces surrendered.
The conflict was part of the Second Indochina War (1955–1975) which also consumed the neighboring Laos, South Vietnam, and North Vietnam individually referred to as the Laotian Civil War and the Vietnam War respectively. The Cambodian civil war led to the Cambodian genocide, one of the bloodiest in history.
[25] Similarly, Forrest B. Lindley, a U.S. Army Special Forces captain operating near the Cambodian border, stated that "I was told there would be a change of government in Cambodia. The source was higher up the US Special Forces command system. Two companies of Khmer Special Forces troops were then sent into [Cambodia]" just before the coup. [25]
The Cambodian–Vietnamese War [c] was an armed conflict between Democratic Kampuchea, controlled by Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The war began with repeated attacks by the Kampuchea Revolutionary Army on the southwestern border of Vietnam, particularly the Ba Chúc massacre which resulted in the deaths of over ...
After being embroiled in civil conflict from the late 1960s until the early 1990s, on March 16, 1992 the UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC), under UNSYG Special Representative Yasushi Akashi and Lt. General John Sanderson, arrived in Cambodia to begin implementation of the UN Settlement Plan, that was concluded as a result of the Paris Peace Accords of 1991.
Armed conflict only ended in 1989 after the Vietnamese agreed to fully withdraw from Cambodia. Both nations planned the normalization of their relations in a secret summit in Chengdu in September 1990, and officially normalized ties in November 1991.
The U.S. may have dropped a tonnage of bombs on Cambodia nearly equal to all the bombs dropped by the U.S. in World War II. Estimates of Cambodian military and civilian deaths resulting from the 1969-1973 bombing range from 40,000 to more than 150,000. [1] [2] [3] The impact of the Khmer Rouge on the rural population was severe.
Cambodia then formally broke off diplomatic relations with Vietnam. [321] Cambodian forces fought back against the invaders, who had withdrawn to Vietnam by 6 January 1978. [322] At this point, Pol Pot ordered Cambodia's military to take an aggressive, proactive stance, attacking Vietnamese troops before the latter had the chance to act. [323]