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The American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (for short, the Ethics Code, as referred to by the APA) includes an introduction, preamble, a list of five aspirational principles and a list of ten enforceable standards that psychologists use to guide ethical decisions in practice, research, and education.
Client confidentiality is the principle that an institution or individual should not reveal information about their clients to a third party without the consent of the client or a clear legal reason. This concept, sometimes referred to as social systems of confidentiality , is outlined in numerous laws throughout many countries.
The APA ethics code [4] outlines many professional guidelines for clinicians including the maintenance of confidentiality, minimizing intrusions to privacy, and obtaining informed consent. Informed consent ensures the client has an adequate understanding of the techniques and procedures that will be used during therapy, expected timeline for ...
In the 1990s and early 2000s, the Catholic sexual abuse scandal involved a number of confidentiality agreements with victims. [19] Some states have passed laws that limit confidentiality. For example, in 1990 Florida passed a 'Sunshine in Litigation' law that limits confidentiality from concealing public hazards. [20]
Some decried the court's decision as a limitation of the foundation for the therapeutic relationship and progress, the client's expectation of confidentiality. In 1979, Max Siegel , a former president of the American Psychological Association, defended the therapist's right to confidentiality as sacrosanct, under any circumstances. [ 5 ]
Counseling theories are interrelated principles that describe, explain, predict, and guide the actions of the counselors within different situations. [ 2 ] : 54 The use of theory provides a tool for counselors to use in order to identify important aspects of and clearly organize a client's story or narrative.
Therapeutic privilege is commonly discussed in the context of psychiatry. [7] Despite a widespread concern of the ethical and legal validity of therapeutic privilege, it continues to be used by behavioural healthcare professionals. [7]
Limitations to confidentiality are a critical concern for clinicians, because a relationship of trust between the therapist and client is the prerequisite context for therapeutic growth. [16]