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The phurba (Tibetan: ཕུར་པ or ཕུར་བ, Wylie: phur pa or phur ba; alternate transliterations: phurpa, phurbu, purbha, or phurpu) [needs IPA] or kīla (Sanskrit Devanagari: कील; IAST: kīla) is a three-sided peg, stake, knife, or nail-like ritual implement deeply rooted in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism and Bön traditions.
'Kapala' (Tibetan: ཀ་པ་ལ་, Wylie: kapala) is a loan word into Tibetan from Sanskrit kapāla (Devanagari: कपाल) referring to the skull or forehead, usually of a human. By association, it refers to the ritual skullcup fashioned out of a human cranium.
In the Vajrayana of Tibetan Buddhism, the symbol of the skull-topped trident (khaṭvānga) is said to be inspired by its association with the Kāpālikas. [3] Pictured here is an ivory khaṭvāṅga, 15th century Chinese art, Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Tibetan was originally one of the scripts in the first version of the Unicode Standard in 1991, in the Unicode block U+1000–U+104F. However, in 1993, in version 1.1, it was removed (the code points it took up would later be used for the Burmese script in version 3.0). The Tibetan script was re-added in July, 1996 with the release of version 2.0.
Kali (top) wears one of freshly severed heads; while Chhinnamasta (bottom; in center) and her attendants wear a skull-garland. Mundamala ( Sanskrit : मुण्डमाला , IAST : Muṇḍamālā ), also called kapalamala or rundamala , is a garland of severed Asura heads and/or skulls, in Hindu iconography and Tibetan Buddhist iconography .
Uchen script is a written Tibetan script that uses alphabetic characters to physically record the spoken languages of Tibet and Bhutan. Uchen script emerged in between the seventh and early eighth century, alongside the formation and development of the Tibetan Empire.
The Pyu script is a writing system used to write the Pyu language, an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was mainly spoken in present-day central Burma. It was based on the Brahmi-based scripts of both north and south India. The best available evidence suggests that the Pyu script gradually developed between the 2nd and 6th centuries CE.
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