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Poliomyelitis (/ ˌ p oʊ l i oʊ ˌ m aɪ ə ˈ l aɪ t ɪ s / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck stiffness, and paresthesia.
Roosevelt at Warm Springs (1929) Roosevelt with polio patients in Warm Springs, Georgia (1925) Roosevelt was totally and permanently paralyzed from the waist down, and unable to stand or walk without support. [8] For the next few months, he confined himself to indoor pursuits, including resuming his lifelong hobby of stamp collecting. [9]
The U.N. agency estimates that 1 in 200 polio cases results in permanent paralysis, usually of the legs. Among children who are paralyzed, up to 10% die when their breathing muscles are paralyzed.
In December 1958, while in Kenya, Cavendish became ill with polio. Because he was paralysed from the neck down, a Nairobi doctor put him on a mechanical respirator that Cavendish needed to breathe, making him a "responaut". Cavendish flew back to England. [1] [4] He was initially given only three months, and then one year, to live. [1]
Many paralyzed polio patients lay in plaster body casts for months at a time. This prolonged casting often resulted in atrophy of both affected and unaffected muscles. [6] In 1940, Sister Elizabeth Kenny, an Australian bush nurse from Queensland, arrived in North America and challenged this approach to treatment.
Up to 5% of polio patients develop meningitis, the inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord, the CDC estimates. Up to 0.5% develop paralysis of or weakness in the arms and ...
“The oral polio vaccine is not used in the U.S. because it is live attenuated vaccine, meaning that it exposes the body to a weakened version of the virus leading to an immune response and not ...
Post-polio syndrome (PPS, poliomyelitis sequelae) is a group of latent symptoms of poliomyelitis (polio), occurring in more than 80% of polio infections. The symptoms are caused by the damaging effects of the viral infection on the nervous system and typically occur 15 to 30 years after an initial acute paralytic attack.