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An anorectic is a drug that reduces appetite, resulting in lower food consumption, leading to weight loss. [1] These substances work by affecting the central nervous system or certain neurotransmitters to create a feeling of fullness or reduce the desire to eat.
A study conducted by the pharmaceutical company Smith, Kline & French (SKF) in 1947 showed that amphetamine can affect the brain center for appetite and help to reduce weight. In the late 1960s, weight reduction was the most common indication for ATS. [5] Nowadays, to suppress appetite, phentermine is still used. [2]
In 1959, phentermine first received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an appetite suppressant. [43] Eventually a hydrochloride salt and a resin form became available. [43] Phentermine was marketed with fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine as a combination appetite suppressant and fat burning agent under the popular name fen ...
The most common side effects of these drugs that led to withdrawals were mental disturbances, cardiac side effects, and drug abuse or drug dependence. Deaths were associated with seven products. [84] Ephedra was removed from the US market in 2004 over concerns that it raises blood pressure and could lead to strokes and death. [85]
The drug's main function is to reduce appetite, which in turn reduces caloric intake. [ medical citation needed ] Although the mechanism of action of the sympathomimetic appetite suppressants in the treatment of obesity is not fully known, these medications have pharmacological effects similar to those of amphetamines.
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA), sold under many brand names, is a sympathomimetic agent used as a decongestant and appetite suppressant. [9] [1] [10] [11] It was once common in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations.
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Phenmetrazine, sold under the brand name Preludin among others, is a stimulant drug first synthesized in 1952 and originally used as an appetite suppressant, but withdrawn from the market in the 1980s due to widespread misuse.