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Myrica cerifera is a small tree or large shrub, [3] reaching up to 14 metres (46 ft) tall. [4] It is adaptable to many habitats, growing naturally in wetlands, near rivers and streams, sand dunes, fields, hillsides, pine barrens, and in both coniferous and mixed-broadleaf forests.
The fruit is a wrinkled purple berry 4–6.5 millimetres (1 ⁄ 8 – 1 ⁄ 4 in) in diameter, with a waxy coating, hence the common name wax myrtle. This species has root nodules containing nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, allowing it to grow in relatively poor soils.
The wax coating on the fruit of several species, known as bayberry wax, has been used traditionally to make candles. It was used for that purpose by the Robinson family in the novel The Swiss Family Robinson. [9] The foliage of Myrica gale is a traditional insect repellent, used by campers to keep biting insects out of tents.
Bayberry wax is an aromatic green vegetable wax. It is removed from the surface of the fruit of the bayberry (wax-myrtle) shrub (ex. Myrica cerifera) by boiling the fruits in water and skimming the wax from the surface of the water. [1] It is made up primarily of esters of lauric, myristic, and palmitic acid. [2]
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Myrica gale is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 metres (6 + 1 ⁄ 2 feet) tall and 1 m wide. [5] The leaves are spirally arranged, simple, 2–5 centimetres (3 ⁄ 4 –2 inches) long, oblanceolate with a tapered base and broader tip, and a crinkled or finely toothed margin.
Ligustrum japonicum, known as wax-leaf privet [1] or Japanese privet (Japanese: ネズミモチ) is a species of Ligustrum (privet) native to central and southern Japan (Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, Okinawa) and Korea. [2] It is widely cultivated in other regions, and is naturalized in California and in the southeastern United States from Texas ...