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The amine concentration in the absorbent aqueous solution is an important parameter in the design and operation of an amine gas treating process. Depending on which one of the following four amines the unit was designed to use and what gases it was designed to remove, these are some typical amine concentrations, expressed as weight percent of ...
The reaction is generally performed in an aqueous solution at close to boiling. The first methylation of the amine begins with imine formation with formaldehyde. The formic acid acts as a source of hydride and reduces the imine to a secondary amine. Loss of carbon dioxide gas renders the reaction irreversible. Despite being more hindered, the ...
CO 2 can be transported either as gas phase at about 35 barg or as dense phase at 100 barg. The CO 2 stream should meet or exceed gas quality standards. CO 2 absorbents include primary amines which require more heat for regeneration than secondary amines However, secondary amines may form nitrosamines with Nitrogen oxides NOx in the flue gases ...
This secondary amine is a colorless, flammable gas with an ammonia-like odor. Dimethylamine is commonly encountered commercially as a solution in water at concentrations up to around 40%. An estimated 270,000 tons were produced in 2005. [5]
Illustrative is the synthesis of tert-butyl isocyanide from tert-butylamine in the presence of catalytic amount of the phase transfer catalyst benzyltriethylammonium chloride. [1] Me 3 CNH 2 + CHCl 3 + 3 NaOH → Me 3 CNC + 3 NaCl + 3 H 2 O. Similar reactions have been reported for aniline. It is used to prepare secondary amines.
Thus tertiary amines are more basic than secondary amines, which are more basic than primary amines, and finally ammonia is least basic. The order of pK b 's (basicities in water) does not follow this order. Similarly aniline is more basic than ammonia in the gas phase, but ten thousand times less so in aqueous solution. [14]
In organic chemistry, the Mannich reaction is a three-component organic reaction that involves the amino alkylation of an acidic proton next to a carbonyl (C=O) functional group by formaldehyde (H−CHO) and a primary or secondary amine (−NH 2) or ammonia (NH 3). [1] The final product is a β-amino-carbonyl compound also known as a Mannich base.
Further analysis via the extended kinetic method allows for the determination of the proton affinity and gas phase basicity of 2-quinuclidonium. This method has determined that quinuclidone ranks among secondary and tertiary amines in terms of proton affinity. [6]
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