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BPVC is one of the most common causes of vertigo in children, with an estimated prevalence of 2.6% among the pediatric population. [1] Females are more likely to develop BPVC than males. [4] Episodes typically begin between 3 and 6 years of age and resolve by adolescence. [3]
Symptoms normally appear in babies under one year of age and are characterized by an upward stare or gaze, with the eyes rolled back, while the chin is typically held low. [ 1 ] Presentation
Lightheadedness is a common and typically unpleasant sensation of dizziness [1] or a feeling that one may faint. The sensation of lightheadedness can be short-lived, prolonged, or, rarely, recurring. In addition to dizziness, the individual may feel as though their head is weightless.
Dizziness is broken down into four main subtypes: vertigo (~25–50%), disequilibrium (less than ~15%), presyncope (less than ~15%), and nonspecific dizziness (~10%). [5] Vertigo is the sensation of spinning or having one's surroundings spin about them. Many people find vertigo very disturbing and often report associated nausea and vomiting. [6]
The normal GCS can be used for children above the age of two, and a pediatric GCS has also been developed to assess the symptoms for children under the age of two. [16] [17] Both the normal and pediatric GCS aims to test the eye, verbal and motor responses.
[2] Dizziness affects approximately 20–40% of people at some point in time, while about 7.5–10% have vertigo. [3] About 5% have vertigo in a given year. [10] It becomes more common with age and affects women two to three times more often than men. [10] Vertigo accounts for about 2–3% of emergency department visits in the developed world. [10]
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The signs and symptoms people with BPPV experience are typically a short-lived vertigo and observed nystagmus. In some people, although rarely, vertigo can persist for years. Assessment of BPPV is best done by a medical health professional skilled in the management of dizziness disorders, commonly a physiotherapist , audiologist , or other ...