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The case for a large deterrent effect of capital punishment has been significantly strengthened since the 1990s, as a wave of sophisticated econometric studies have exploited a newly-available form of data, so-called panel data. [44] Most of the recent studies demonstrate statistically a deterrent effect of the death penalty.
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, [1] [2] is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct. [3] The sentence ordering that an offender be punished in such a manner is known as a death sentence , and the act of carrying out the sentence is known ...
The sociology of punishment seeks to understand why and how we punish. Punishment involves the intentional infliction of pain and/or the deprivation of rights and liberties. . Sociologists of punishment usually examine state-sanctioned acts in relation to law-breaking; for instance, why citizens give consent to the legitimation of acts of viole
Kemp, the United States supreme court acknowledged a "racially disproportionate impact" of capital punishment, but ultimately ruled that this was not enough to mitigate specific death penalty verdicts. [286] Another argument in the capital punishment debate is the cost. [282] [287]
Incapacitation in the context of criminal sentencing philosophy is one of the functions of punishment.It involves capital punishment, sending an offender to prison, or possibly restricting their freedom in the community, to protect society and prevent that person from committing further crimes.
Punishment and Social Structure (1939), a book written by Georg Rusche and Otto Kirchheimer, is the seminal Marxian analysis of punishment as a social institution. [1] It represents the "most sustained and comprehensive account of punishment to have emerged from within the Marxist tradition" and "succeeds in opening up a whole vista of understanding which simply did not exist before it was ...
Most libertarians oppose capital punishment. [1] [2] They argue that capital punishment is an extreme exertion of state power, it is contrary to the values of a free society, authoritarian countries tend to be retentionist, and liberal-democratic societies generally abolitionist. [3] [4]
Excerpt from "Justice, Deterrence, and the Death Penalty," chapter 5 of America's Experiment With Capital Punishment: Reflections on the Past, Present, and Future of the Ultimate Penal Sanction, edited by James R. Acker, Robert M. Bohm, and Charles S. Lanier (Carolina Academic Press, 1998, ISBN 0-89089-651-8; 2003, ISBN 0-89089-064-1). 3.