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Natalizumab, sold under the brand name Tysabri among others, is a medication used to treat multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease. [9] It is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the cell adhesion molecule α4-integrin. [9] It is given by intravenous infusion. [9]
Early treatment can reduce the hazard of conversion to from a first attack to clinically definite multiple sclerosis. [6] [65] [66] [67] However, it is difficult to make firm conclusions about the best treatment, especially regarding the long‐term benefit and safety of early treatment, given the lack of studies directly comparing disease ...
Interferon therapy, and specially interferon beta-1b, induces the production of neutralizing antibodies, usually in the second 6 months of treatment, in 5 to 30% of treated patients. [4] Moreover, a subset of RRMS patients with specially active MS, sometimes called "rapidly worsening MS" are normally non-responders to interferon beta-1b. [9] [10]
The second line includes the rest of the compounds and is usually a stronger medication. Some MS organizations separate medications into three lines: [75] Moderately effective: teriflunomide (Aubagio), beta Interferons (1a and 1b) and glatiramer acetate. More effective: cladribine (Mavenclad), dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera) and fingolimod ...
Ocrelizumab, sold under the brand name Ocrevus, is a medication used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.It is a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. [8] It targets CD20 marker on B lymphocytes and is an immunosuppressive drug. [10]
Interferon beta-1a (also interferon beta 1-alpha) is a cytokine in the interferon family used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS). [5] It is produced by mammalian cells, while interferon beta-1b is produced in modified E. coli. [6] Some research indicates that interferon injections may result in an 18–38% reduction in the rate of MS relapses. [7]
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