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TB meningitis usually responds well to treatment, but TB cerebritis may require prolonged treatment (up to two years) and the steroid course needed is often also prolonged (up to six months). Unlike TB meningitis, TB cerebritis often required repeated CT or MRI imaging of the brain to monitor progress. [medical citation needed]
Because these antigens are only present in few non-tuberculous mycobacteria or not in any BCG vaccine strain, these tests are thought to be more specific than the tuberculin skin test. [citation needed] The blood tests QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and T-SPOT.TB use these antigens to detect people with tuberculosis.
The Mantoux tuberculin skin test is often used to screen people at high risk for TB. [100] Those who have been previously immunized with the Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine may have a false-positive test result. [107] The test may be falsely negative in those with sarcoidosis, Hodgkin's lymphoma, malnutrition, and most notably, active ...
The Quantiferon-TB Gold test (QFT-G) is a whole-blood test for use as an aid in diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, including latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and tuberculosis (TB) disease. [15] This test was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2005.
The second test is read 48–72 hours after injection. If the second test is positive, consider the person infected in the distant past. [23] If the second test is negative, consider the person uninfected. [24] A person who is diagnosed as "infected in the distant past" on two-step testing is called a "tuberculin reactor". [citation needed]
The equivalent Mantoux test positive levels done with 10 TU (0.1 mL 100 TU/mL, 1:1000) are 0–4 mm induration (Heaf 0-1) 5–14 mm induration (Heaf 2) >15 mm induration (Heaf 3-4) The Mantoux test is preferred in the United States for the diagnosis of tuberculosis; multiple puncture tests, such as the Heaf test and Tine test, are not recommended.
There are two classes of tests commonly used to identify patients with latent tuberculosis: tuberculin skin tests and IFN-γ (Interferon-gamma) tests. [citation needed] The skin tests currently include the following two: [citation needed] Mantoux test; Heaf test; IFN-γ tests include the following three: T-SPOT.TB; QuantiFERON-TB Gold
For this reason, the tine test is often considered to be less reliable. [citation needed] Contrary to this, however, studies have shown that the tine test can give results that correlate well to the Mantoux test. [7] [8] If a minor reaction is considered doubtful, the OT test is less accurate and may fail to detect TB, producing a false ...
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