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The Latin numerals are the words used to denote numbers within the Latin language. They are essentially based on their Proto-Indo-European ancestors, and the Latin cardinal numbers are largely sustained in the Romance languages. In Antiquity and during the Middle Ages they were usually represented by Roman numerals in writing.
Words in the cardinal category are cardinal numbers, such as the English one, two, three, which name the count of items in a sequence. The multiple category are adverbial numbers, like the English once , twice , thrice , that specify the number of events or instances of otherwise identical or similar items.
In linguistics, and more precisely in traditional grammar, a cardinal numeral (or cardinal number word) is a part of speech used to count. Examples in English are the words one , two , three , and the compounds three hundred [and] forty-two and nine hundred [and] sixty .
"second": The daughter languages use a wide range of expressions, often unrelated to the word for "two" (including Latin and English), so that no PIE form can be reconstructed. A number of languages use the form derived from *h₂enteros meaning "the other [of two]" (cf. OCS vĭtorŭ, Lithuanian añtras, Old Icelandic annarr, modern Icelandic ...
The cardinal numbers have numerals. In the following tables, [and] indicates that the word and is used in some dialects (such as British English), and omitted in other dialects (such as American English). This table demonstrates the standard English construction of some cardinal numbers. (See next table for names of larger cardinals.)
Georgian, Latin, and Romanian are notable languages with distributive numerals; see Romanian distributive numbers. An example of this difference can be seen with the distributive number for 'one hundred'. While the cardinal number is 'centum', the distributive form is "centēnī,-ae, a".
In other languages, different ordinal indicators are used to write ordinal numbers. In American Sign Language, the ordinal numbers first through ninth are formed with handshapes similar to those for the corresponding cardinal numbers with the addition of a small twist of the wrist. [1]
The logarithm of an infinite cardinal number κ is defined as the least cardinal number μ such that κ ≤ 2 μ. Logarithms of infinite cardinals are useful in some fields of mathematics, for example in the study of cardinal invariants of topological spaces , though they lack some of the properties that logarithms of positive real numbers possess.