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[1] [2] [3] Truncated versions of SHA-2, including SHA-384 and SHA-512/256 are not susceptible, [4] nor is the SHA-3 algorithm. [5] HMAC also uses a different construction and so is not vulnerable to length extension attacks. [6] Lastly, just performing Hash(message ‖ secret) is enough to not be affected.
There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA. These were also designed by the NSA. SHA-3 : A hash function formerly called Keccak , chosen in 2012 after a public competition among non-NSA designers.
Algorithm Output size (bits) Internal state size [note 1] Block size Length size Word size Rounds; BLAKE2b: 512 512 1024 128 [note 2]: 64 12 BLAKE2s: 256 256 512 64 [note 3]: 32 10
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
1.79 / October 30, 2024; 2 months ago () [2] Java LTS: BC-LJA 2.73.7 / November 8, 2024; 2 months ago () [3] Java FIPS: BC-FJA 2.0.0 / July 30, 2024; 5 months ago () [4] C#: 2.4.0 / May 27, 2024; 7 months ago () [5] C# FIPS: BC-FNA 1.0.2 / March 11, 2024; 10 months ago () [6]
As of October 2012, CNSSP-15 [4] stated that the 256-bit elliptic curve (specified in FIPS 186-2), SHA-256, and AES with 128-bit keys are sufficient for protecting classified information up to the Secret level, while the 384-bit elliptic curve (specified in FIPS 186-2), SHA-384, and AES with 256-bit keys are necessary for the protection of Top ...
The encoding is equivalent to "MD5" MD5 hashing function replaced with SHA-256 and SHA-512-256. However, as of July 2021, none of popular browsers, including Firefox [2] and Chrome, [3] SHA-256 as the hash function. As of October 2021, Firefox 93 [4] officially supports "SHA-256" and "SHA-256-sess" algorithms for digest authentication.
Therefore, in a final step, a second compression function compresses the last internal hash value (2n bits) to the final hash value (n bits). This can be done as simply as discarding half of the last 2n-bit output. SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256 take this form since they are derived from a variant of SHA-512.