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Selenium is toxic in high concentrations. As sodium selenite, the chronic toxic dose for human beings was described as about 2.4 to 3 milligrams of selenium per day. [7] In 2000, the US Institute of Medicine set the adult Tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for selenium from all sources - food, drinking water and dietary supplements - at 400 μg/day. [8]
It is a strongly odiferous, toxic, and colorless gas. It is more acidic than H 2 S. In solution it ionizes to HSe −. The selenide dianion Se 2− forms a variety of compounds, including the minerals from which selenium is obtained commercially.
Sodium selenate is produced by oxidation of selenium, first with nitric acid, producing selenous acid. The selenous acid is neutralized to form sodium selenite. The sodium selenite is oxidized in a basic medium hydrogen peroxide to form a selenate, which is then spray-dried. [3] Se + 2HNO 3 → H 2 SeO 3 + NO + NO 2 H 2 SeO 3 + Na 2 CO 3 → Na ...
Large amounts of selenium are toxic; however, it is physiologically necessary for animals in extremely small amounts.Many other uncharacterized selenium-containing organic chemicals are also produced by a method similar to that of selenomethionine; some have recently been characterized but remain relatively unknown, such as S-seleno-methyl-glutathione and glutathione-S-selenoglutathione.
Selenomethionine is readily available as a dietary supplement. It has been suggested by nutritionists that selenomethionine, as an organic form of selenium, is easier for the human body to absorb than selenite, which is an inorganic form. [8] It was determined in a clinical trial that selenomethionine is absorbed 19% better than selenite. [8]
Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner (e.g., caesium, sodium, diborane, sulfuric acid). SA: Simple asphyxiant gas (specifically helium, nitrogen, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon). The SA symbol shall also be used for liquified carbon dioxide vapor withdrawal systems and where large quantities of dry ice are used in confined areas. [2]
The chronic toxic dose of selenite for humans is about 2400 to 3000 micrograms of selenium per day. [140] Hydrogen selenide is an extremely toxic, corrosive gas. [ 141 ] Selenium also occurs in organic compounds, such as dimethyl selenide, selenomethionine , selenocysteine and methylselenocysteine , all of which have high bioavailability and ...
Similarly, sodium selenide is readily oxidized to polyselenides, a conversion signaled by off-white samples. Sodium selenide reacts with acids to produce toxic hydrogen selenide gas. Na 2 Se + 2 HCl → H 2 Se + 2 NaCl. The compound reacts with electrophiles to produce the selenium compounds.
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