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Guam's two largest pre-war communities (Sumay and Hagåtña) were virtually destroyed during the 1944 battle. Many Chamoru families lived in temporary re-settlement camps near the beaches before moving to permanent homes constructed in the island's outer villages. Guam's southern villages largely escaped damage, however.
Guam's Point Udall is the westernmost point of the U.S., as measured from the geographic center of the United States. [36] [37] The Mariana chain, of which Guam is a part, was created by collision of the Pacific and Philippine Sea tectonic plates. Guam is located on the micro Mariana Plate between the two.
Guam – organized, unincorporated territory of the United States of America that comprises the island of Guam in the western North Pacific Ocean. [1] It is one of five U.S. territories with an established civilian government. [ 2 ]
The Indigenous people of Guam are known as the Chamorro people, and are the largest ethnic group in Guam. This group is categorised as a minority group in the United States territory. [3] The 2021 mean age in the territory of Guam was 31.4 years. [1] Guam is the largest and most populated of the territories in the Mariana Islands. [2]
The Mariana Islands (/ ˌ m ær i ˈ ɑː n ə / MARR-ee-AH-nə; Chamorro: Manislan Mariånas), also simply the Marianas, are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, between the 12th and 21st parallels north and along the 145th meridian east.
Guam's history of colonialism is the longest among the Pacific islands and Chamorros are considered one of the oldest mixed race in the Pacific. In 1668 the Spanish formally incorporated the islands to the Spanish East Indies and founded a colony on Guam as a resting place for the west-bound Manila galleons.
The sheets were revealed by sonar, officials say. Divers investigating mysterious sheets of steel on the seafloor off Guam have discovered what amounts to a sunken trail in the Pacific Ocean.
Guam operated as an important stopover between the Philippines and Mexico for the Manila galleon, which carried trading between Spanish colonies. In 1668, Father Diego Luis de San Vitores renamed the islands Las Marianas in honor of his patroness, the Spanish regent Mariana of Austria (1634–1696), widow of Felipe IV (reigned 1621–1665).