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  2. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray...

    A person's risk can be measured with the University of Sheffield's FRAX calculator—which includes many clinical risk factors, including prior fragility fracture, use of glucocorticoids, heavy smoking, excess alcohol intake, rheumatoid arthritis, history of parental hip fracture, chronic renal and liver disease, chronic respiratory disease ...

  3. 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate_di...

    HPPD is an enzyme that usually bonds to form tetramers in bacteria and dimers in eukaryotes and has a subunit mass of 40-50 kDa. [7] [8] [9] Dividing the enzyme into the N-terminus and C-terminus one will notice that the N-terminus varies in composition while the C-terminus remains relatively constant [10] (the C-terminus in plants does differ slightly from the C-terminus in other beings).

  4. FRAX - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRAX

    Some clinicians choose rheumatoid arthritis as an equivalent risk factor instead. [5] FRAX was developed and most commonly used to assess fracture risk for previously untreated individuals, though some have suggested it can also be used in those treated in the past or even on current treatment for osteoporosis. [6]

  5. Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiofrequency_Echographic...

    A very high correlation has been observed between the T-Score values obtained by both technologies (Pearson correlation coefficient > 0.93; Cohen’s Kappa equals to 0.82 for lumbar spine and 0.79 for femoral neck) as well as a very low average BMD difference between the two techniques (mean ± 2 standard deviations): −0.004±0.088 g/cm 2 for ...

  6. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease-modifying_anti...

    DMARDs help control arthritis, but do not cure the disease. For that reason, if remission or optimal control is achieved with a DMARD, it is often continued as a maintenance dosage. Discontinuing a DMARD may reactivate disease or cause a "rebound flare", with no assurance that disease control will be re-established upon resumption of the ...

  7. Trabecular bone score - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecular_bone_score

    The trabecular bone score is a measure of bone texture correlated with bone microarchitecture and a marker for the risk of osteoporosis.Introduced in 2008, [1] its main projected use is alongside measures of bone density in better predicting fracture risk in people with metabolic bone problems.

  8. Dexamethasone suppression test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dexamethasone_suppression_test

    Low-dose and high-dose variations of the test exist. [4] The test is given at low (usually 1–2 mg) and high (8 mg) doses of dexamethasone, and the levels of cortisol are measured to obtain the results. [5] A low dose of dexamethasone suppresses cortisol in individuals with no pathology in endogenous cortisol production.

  9. 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate_di...

    4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors (HPPD inhibitors) are a class of herbicides that prevent growth in plants by blocking 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, an enzyme in plants that breaks down the amino acid tyrosine into molecules that are then used by plants to create other molecules that plants need.