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An infant demonstrating the Babkin reflex: he opens his mouth when pressure is applied to both palms (8 seconds). The Babkin reflex occurs in newborn babies, and describes varying responses to the application of pressure to both palms. Infants may display head flexion, head rotation, opening of the mouth, or a combination of these responses. [22]
The Apgar score is a quick way for health professionals to evaluate the health of all newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth and in response to resuscitation. [1] It was originally developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist at Columbia University, Virginia Apgar, to address the need for a standardized way to evaluate infants shortly after birth.
These reflexes are believed to be "hard-wired" before birth, and are therefore able to be elicited in the newborn. As the brain matures, certain areas (usually within the frontal lobes) exert an inhibitory effect, thus causing the reflex to disappear. When disease processes disrupt these inhibitory pathways, the reflex is "released" from ...
The asymmetrical tonic neck reflex, which is triggered when the head is turned to one side and causes the infant's arm on that side to straighten and the arm on the other side to bend. [19] The palmar grasp reflex, which causes the infant to grasp a finger placed in their palm and to curl their toes when the soles of their feet are touched. [19]
Hering–Breuer reflex — is a reflex triggered to prevent over-inflation of the lung; Hoffmann's reflex — also known as the finger flexor reflex; middle finger and thumb response. Test can indicate both neurological damage and nerve regeneration; often combined with the Babinski reflex test. Jaw jerk reflex
The asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) is a primitive reflex found in newborn humans that normally vanishes around 6 months of age. It is also known as the bow and arrow or "fencing reflex" because of the characteristic position of the infant's arms and head, which resembles that of a fencer. When the face is turned to one side, the arm and ...
These scores measure a variety of areas including the "neurological, social, and behavioral aspects of a newborn's functioning." [1] Additionally, "factors such as reflexes, responses to stress, startle reactions, cuddliness, motor maturity, ability to habituate to sensory stimuli, and hand-mouth coordination are all assessed." [1]
If the infant lost its balance, the reflex caused the infant to embrace its mother and regain its hold on the mother’s body. [12] The Moro reflex might also be an alarm signal from the baby who is about to lose support, and the spread arms provide extremities for where to be grabbed by its handler to prevent a fall. [13]