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2×10 −23 J: Average kinetic energy of translational motion of a molecule in the Boomerang Nebula, the coldest place known outside of a laboratory, at a temperature of 1 kelvin [6] [7] 10 −22 2–3000×10 −22 J Energy of infrared light photons [8] 10 −21: zepto-(zJ) 1.7×10 −21 J 1 kJ/mol, converted to energy per molecule [9] 2.1×10 ...
kJ kJ 1.0 kJ (240 cal) hectojoule: hJ hJ 1.0 hJ (24 cal) decajoule: daJ daJ 1.0 daJ (2.4 cal) joule: J J 1.0 J (0.24 cal) decijoule: dJ dJ 1.0 dJ (0.024 cal) centijoule: cJ cJ 1.0 cJ (0.0024 cal) millijoule: mJ mJ 1.0 mJ (0.00024 cal) microjoule: μJ (uJ) μJ 1.0 μJ (2.4 × 10 −7 cal) nanojoule: nJ nJ 1.0 nJ (2.4 × 10 −10 cal) picojoule ...
10 1 J daJ decajoule 10 −2 J cJ centijoule 10 2 J hJ hectojoule 10 −3 J mJ: millijoule: 10 3 J kJ: kilojoule: 10 −6 J μJ: microjoule: 10 6 J MJ: megajoule: 10 −9 J nJ: nanojoule: 10 9 J GJ: gigajoule: 10 −12 J pJ: picojoule: 10 12 J TJ: terajoule: 10 −15 J fJ femtojoule 10 15 J PJ petajoule 10 −18 J aJ attojoule 10 18 J EJ ...
This template provides easy inclusion of the latest CODATA recommended values of physical constants in articles. It gives the most recent values published, and will be updated when newer values become available, which is typically every four years.
Although Boltzmann first linked entropy and probability in 1877, the relation was never expressed with a specific constant until Max Planck first introduced k, and gave a more precise value for it (1.346 × 10 −23 J/K, about 2.5% lower than today's figure), in his derivation of the law of black-body radiation in 1900–1901. [11]
In general, proteins have lower energy densities (≈16 kJ/g) than carbohydrates (≈17 kJ/g), whereas fats provide much higher energy densities (≈38 kJ/g), [8] 2 + 1 ⁄ 4 times as much energy. Fats contain more carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds than carbohydrates or proteins, yielding higher energy density. [9]
The joule per mole (symbol: J·mol −1 or J/mol) is the unit of energy per amount of substance in the International System of Units (SI), such that energy is measured in joules, and the amount of substance is measured in moles. It is also an SI derived unit of molar thermodynamic energy defined as the energy equal to one joule in one mole of ...
Values from CRC are ionization energies given in the unit eV; other values are molar ionization energies given in the unit kJ/mol.The first of these quantities is used in atomic physics, the second in chemistry, but both refer to the same basic property of the element.