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  2. Book value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_value

    An asset's initial book value is its actual cash value or its acquisition cost. Cash assets are recorded or "booked" at actual cash value. Assets such as buildings, land and equipment are valued based on their acquisition cost, which includes the actual cash cost of the asset plus certain costs tied to the purchase of the asset, such as broker fees.

  3. P/B ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P/B_ratio

    The price-to-book ratio, or P/B ratio, (also PBR) is a financial ratio used to compare a company's current market value to its book value (where book value is the value of all assets minus liabilities owned by a company). The calculation can be performed in two ways, but the result should be the same.

  4. Market value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_value

    Market value or OMV (open market valuation) is the price at which an asset would trade in a competitive auction setting.Market value is often used interchangeably with open market value, fair value or fair market value, although these terms have distinct definitions in different standards, and differ in some circumstances.

  5. Mark-to-market accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark-to-market_accounting

    Simple example If an investor owns 10 shares of a stock purchased for $4 per share, and that stock now trades at $6, the "mark-to-market" value of the shares is equal to (10 shares * $6), or $60, whereas the book value might (depending on the accounting principles used) equal only $40.

  6. Real estate appraisal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estate_appraisal

    There can be differences between what the property is worth (market value) and what it cost to buy it ().A price paid might not represent that property's market value. Sometimes, special considerations may have been present, such as a special relationship between the buyer and the seller where one party had control or significant influence over the other pa

  7. Valuation (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valuation_(finance)

    Common terms for the value of an asset or liability are market value, fair value, and intrinsic value. The meanings of these terms differ. The meanings of these terms differ. For instance, when an analyst believes a stock's intrinsic value is greater (or less) than its market price, an analyst makes a "buy" (or "sell") recommendation.

  8. Debt-to-equity ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt-to-equity_ratio

    The two components are often taken from the firm's balance sheet or statement of financial position (so-called book value), but the ratio may also be calculated using market values for both, if the company's debt and equity are publicly traded, or using a combination of book value for debt and market value for equity financing. [2]

  9. Return on capital - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return_on_capital

    This procedure is done because, unlike market values which reflect future expectations in efficient markets, book values more closely reflect the amount of initial capital invested to generate a return. The denominator represents the average value of the invested capital rather than the value of the end of the year. This is because the NOPAT ...