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Tamoxifen is currently first-line treatment for nearly all pre-menopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. [1] Raloxifene is another partial agonist SERM which does not seem to promote endometrial cancer, and is used primarily for chemoprevention of breast cancer in high-risk individuals, as well as to prevent osteoporosis. [1]
It is used as endocrine therapy for women with estrogen or progesterone receptor-positive, stage 4 or recurrent metastatic breast cancer [9] and has demonstrated similar efficacy compared to tamoxifen as adjuvant treatment of breast cancer and in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. [8]
A Cochrane review found a lack of evidence about the effects of tamoxifen in people with relapsed ovarian cancer. [120] Estrogen alone does not have an effect on the cancer, and tamoxifen and letrozole are rarely effective. [28] "Some women with borderline malignancy ovarian cancer and stromal ovarian cancer may receive hormonal therapy." [97]
Hormonal therapy with estrogen and progesterone is the first line treatment and is associated with improvement of symptoms and possibly improvement in other parameters such as bone density, mortality and cardiovascular risk. [10] The general treatment is for symptoms, bone protection, and mental health.
An estrogen-dependent condition can be that relating to the differentiation in the steroid sex hormone that is associated with the female reproductive system and sex characteristics. [1] These conditions can fall under the umbrella of hypoestrogenism, hyperestrogenim, or any sensitivity to the presence of estrogen in the body.
Of these participants, 15,350 were on an HRT of either estrogen or estrogen plus progestogen, and 13,937 received a placebo. The participants’ mean ages ranged from 47 to 75, and their treatment ...
Breast cancer was increased in women treated with estrogen and a progestin, but not with estrogen and progesterone or estrogen alone. Treatment with unopposed estrogen (i.e., an estrogen alone without a progestogen) is contraindicated if the uterus is still present, due to its proliferative effect on the endometrium. The WHI also found a ...
The use of high-dose estrogen therapy in breast cancer has mostly been superseded by antiestrogen therapy due to the improved safety profile of the latter. [17] High-dose estrogen therapy was the standard of care for the palliative treatment of breast cancer in women up to the late 1970s or early 1980s. [18