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A molecular solid is a solid consisting of discrete molecules. The cohesive forces that bind the molecules together are van der Waals forces , dipole–dipole interactions , quadrupole interactions , π–π interactions , hydrogen bonding , halogen bonding , London dispersion forces , and in some molecular solids, coulombic interactions .
The study of molecules by molecular physics and theoretical chemistry is largely based on quantum mechanics and is essential for the understanding of the chemical bond. The simplest of molecules is the hydrogen molecule-ion, H 2 +, and the simplest of all the chemical bonds is the one-electron bond.
RNA editing (also RNA modification) is a molecular process through which some cells can make discrete changes to specific nucleotide sequences within an RNA molecule after it has been generated by RNA polymerase. It occurs in all living organisms and is one of the most evolutionarily conserved properties of RNAs.
The ratio of the number of discrete constituent particles (such as molecules, atoms, or ions) to the amount of a substance, defined as exactly 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1. Avogadro number The number of discrete constituent particles in one mole of a substance, defined as exactly 6.02214076 × 10 23.
Direct protein - DNA interactions are not spread evenly about the octamer surface but rather located at discrete sites. These are due to the formation of two types of DNA binding sites within the octamer; the α1α1 site, which uses the α1 helix from two adjacent histones, and the L1L2 site formed by the L1 and L2 loops.
Molecular machines are a class of molecules typically described as an assembly of a discrete number of molecular components intended to produce mechanical movements in response to specific stimuli, mimicking macromolecular devices such as switches and motors.
Diatomic molecules (from Greek di- ' two ') are molecules composed of only two atoms, of the same or different chemical elements. If a diatomic molecule consists of two atoms of the same element, such as hydrogen ( H 2 ) or oxygen ( O 2 ), then it is said to be homonuclear .
The example given, paraffin wax, is a member of a family of hydrocarbon molecules of differing chain lengths, with high-density polyethylene at the long-chain end of the series. High-density polyethylene can be a strong material: when the hydrocarbon chains are well aligned, the resulting fibers rival the strength of steel.