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Risk management is predicting and managing risks that could hinder the organization from reliably achieving its objectives under uncertainty. Compliance refers to adhering with the mandated boundaries (laws and regulations) and voluntary boundaries (company's policies, procedures, etc.). [9] [10]
Program management is distinct from project management. [1] Many programs focus on delivering a capability to change and are normally designed to deliver the organization's strategy or business transformation. Program management also emphasizes the coordinating and prioritizing of resources across projects, managing links between the projects ...
Regulatory affairs (RA), is a profession that deals with an organization’s adherence to regulatory compliance.. It is a position mostly found within regulated industries, such as pharmaceuticals, medical devices, cosmetics, agrochemicals (plant protection products and fertilizers), energy, banking, telecom etc. Regulatory affairs also has a very specific meaning within the healthcare ...
Originally the second of three degrees in sequence – Legum Baccalaureus (LL.B., last conferred by an American law school in 1970); LL.M.; and Legum Doctor (LL.D.) or Doctor of Laws, which has only been conferred in the United States as an honorary degree but is an earned degree in other countries. In American legal academia, the LL.M. was ...
Compliance officers generally have a background in law, finance, or a related field, and often hold advanced degrees such as a Juris Doctor (JD), Master of Business Administration (MBA), or Master of Laws (LLM). Some common certifications for compliance professionals include: Certified Compliance & Ethics Professional (CCEP)
The chief risk officer (CRO), chief risk management officer (CRMO), or chief risk and compliance officer [1] (CRCO) of a firm or corporation is the executive accountable for enabling the efficient and effective governance of significant risks, and related opportunities, to a business and its various segments. [2]
For smaller programs program assurance may be undertaken from within the program or report into a portfolio office. The key difference between program assurance and program quality management or audit, is that program assurance tends to look at the potential impact of the program's approach.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and its ISO 37301:2021 (which deprecates ISO 19600:2014) standard is one of the primary international standards for how businesses handle regulatory compliance, providing a reminder of how compliance and risk should operate together, as "colleagues" sharing a common framework with some nuances to account for their differences.