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Poles began writing in the 12th century using the Latin alphabet. [1] This alphabet, however, was ill-equipped to deal with Polish phonology, particularly the palatal consonants (now written as ś, ź, ć, dź), the retroflex group (now sz, ż, and cz) as well as the nasal vowels (now written as ą, ę).
The Polish alphabet (Polish: alfabet polski, abecadło) is the script of the Polish language, the basis for the Polish system of orthography. It is based on the Latin alphabet but includes certain letters (9) with diacritics : the acute accent – kreska : ć, ń, ó, ś, ź ; the overdot – kropka : ż ; the tail or ogonek – ą, ę ; and ...
The language is written using the Polish alphabet, which derives from the Latin alphabet, but includes some additional letters with diacritics. [ 1 ] : 6 The orthography is mostly phonetic, or rather phonemic—the written letters (or combinations of them) correspond in a consistent manner to the sounds, or rather the phonemes , of spoken Polish.
The Polish alphabet derives from the Latin script but includes certain additional letters formed using diacritics. The Polish alphabet was one of three major forms of Latin-based orthography developed for Western and some South Slavic languages, the others being Czech orthography and Croatian orthography, the last of these being a 19th-century ...
Polish letters with diacritics (30 P) ... Polish alphabet; B. Polish Braille; C. Cyrillization of Polish; D. Dz (digraph) H. History of Polish orthography
"Day, ut ia pobrusa, a ti poziwai", highlighted in red. The Book of Henryków (Polish: Księga henrykowska, Latin: Liber fundationis claustri Sancte Marie Virginis in Heinrichau), contains the earliest known sentence written in the Polish language: Day, ut ia pobrusa, a ti poziwai (pronounced originally as: Daj, uć ja pobrusza, a ti pocziwaj, modern Polish: Daj, niech ja pomielę, a ty ...
Polish oral vowels depicted on a vowel diagram, from Rocławski (1976:75). Main allophones (in black) are in broad transcription, and positional allophones (in red and green) are in narrow transcription. Positional variants (in red) appear in palatal contexts. The Polish vowel system consists of six oral sounds.
The Cyrillization of Polish has been practised in many forms and began in the mid-19th century in the Russian Empire. Between 1772 and 1815, the Russian Empire seized about four-fifths of Poland-Lithuania , where Polish was the leading official language.