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A docking or berthing adapter is a mechanical or electromechanical device that facilitates the connection of one type of docking or berthing interface to a different interface. Such interfaces may be docking/docking, docking/berthing, or berthing/berthing. Previously launched and planned to be launched adapters are listed below:
The International Berthing and Docking Mechanism (IBDM) is the European androgynous low impact docking mechanism that is capable of docking and berthing large and small spacecraft. The development of the IBDM is under ESA contract with QinetiQ Space as prime contractor.
The international Low Impact Docking System (iLIDS) [1] was the precursor to the NDS. NDS Block 1 was designed, built, and tested by The Boeing Company in Huntsville Alabama. Design qualification testing took place through January 2017. Using NDS, NASA developed the International Docking Adapter (IDA) to provide two IDSS-compliant docking ports ...
The US space program's concept of berthing was developed to mitigate issues of orbital mechanics that were encountered during the evolution of docking. Although not the first mechanism developed specifically for berthing, the CBM was the first such device designed in the US specifically to assemble structural joints that would hold sea-level ...
The ASA-G is used only by the Nauka Science (or Experiment) Airlock to berth to the Nauka forward port on 4 May 2023, 01:00 UTC during VKD-57 spacewalk. The non-androgynous berthing mechanism is a unique hybrid derivative of the Russian APAS-89/APAS-95 system, as it has 4 petals instead of 3 along with 12 structural hooks and is a combination ...
IDSS Rev D NDS, NASA's implementation of IDSS. The International Docking System Standard (IDSS) is an international standard for spacecraft docking adapters.It was created by the International Space Station Multilateral Coordination Board, on behalf of the International Space Station partner organizations; NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, ESA, and the Canadian Space Agency.
I have heard of a technical distinction between docking and berthing. In this usage, docking is the "controlled crash" of two vehicle masses into one another via standard spacecraft reaction control (flight dynamics) such that a mechanical docking mechanism of some sort is engaged, and subsequent airlock etc. can be established.
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