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  2. Superradiance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superradiance

    In quantum optics, superradiance is a phenomenon that occurs when a group of N emitters, such as excited atoms, interact with a common light field. If the wavelength of the light is much greater than the separation of the emitters, [2] then the emitters interact with the light in a collective and coherent fashion. [3]

  3. Superradiant phase transition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superradiant_phase_transition

    Despite the original model of the superradiance the quantum electromagnetic field is totally neglected here. The oscillators may be assumed to be placed for example on the cubic lattice with the lattice constant in the analogy to the crystal system of the condensed matter. The worse scenario of the defect of the absence of the two out-of-the ...

  4. Dicke model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicke_model

    Schematic representation of the difference between Dicke superradiance and the superradiant transition of the open Dicke model. The superradiant transition of the open Dicke model is related to, but differs from, Dicke superradiance. Dicke superradiance is a collective phenomenon in which many two-level systems emit photons coherently in free ...

  5. List of optics equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optics_equations

    Visulization of flux through differential area and solid angle. As always ^ is the unit normal to the incident surface A, = ^, and ^ is a unit vector in the direction of incident flux on the area element, θ is the angle between them.

  6. Wigner quasiprobability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigner_quasiprobability...

    In the classical limit, ħ → 0, the Moyal bracket reduces to the Poisson bracket, while this evolution equation reduces to the Liouville equation of classical statistical mechanics. Formally, the classical Liouville equation can be solved in terms of the phase-space particle trajectories which are solutions of the classical Hamilton equations.

  7. Frequency-resolved optical gating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-resolved_optical...

    There are 128×128 total points in the trace. Using these points, an electric field is retrieved that has 2×128 points (128 for magnitude and another 128 for the phase). This is a massively overdetermined system, [1] meaning that the number of equations is much larger than the number of unknowns. Thus the importance of each individual data ...

  8. Sonoluminescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonoluminescence

    This equation, though approximate, has been shown to give good estimates on the motion of the bubble under the acoustically driven field except during the final stages of collapse. Both simulation and experimental measurement show that during the critical final stages of collapse, the bubble wall velocity exceeds the speed of sound of the gas ...

  9. Superradiant laser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superradiant_laser

    A superradiant laser is a laser that does not rely on a large population of photons within the laser cavity to maintain coherence. [1] [2]Rather than relying on photons to store phase coherence, it relies on collective effects in an atomic medium to store coherence.