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Common quantum logic gates by name (including abbreviation), circuit form(s) and the corresponding unitary matrices. In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.
The Hadamard transform is used extensively in quantum computing. The 2 × 2 Hadamard transform is the quantum logic gate known as the Hadamard gate, and the application of a Hadamard gate to each qubit of an -qubit register in parallel is equivalent to the Hadamard transform .
The Hadamard test produces a random variable whose image is in {} and whose expected value is exactly | | . It is possible to modify the circuit to produce a random variable whose expected value is I m ψ | U | ψ {\displaystyle \mathrm {Im} \langle \psi |U|\psi \rangle } by applying an S † {\displaystyle S^{\dagger }} gate after the first ...
It is also based on the demonstrations that the probability of success of the quantum gates can be made close to one by using entangled states prepared non-deterministically and quantum teleportation with single-qubit operations [14] [15] Otherwise, without a high enough success rate of a single quantum gate unit, it may require an exponential ...
The Fredkin gate (also CSWAP or CS gate), named after Edward Fredkin, is a 3-bit gate that performs a controlled swap. It is universal for classical computation. It has the useful property that the numbers of 0s and 1s are conserved throughout, which in the billiard ball model means the same number of balls are output as input.
[3] [4] Without a high enough success rate of a single quantum gate unit, it may require an exponential amount of computing resources. The KLM scheme is based on the fact that proper quantum coding can reduce the resources for obtaining accurately encoded qubits efficiently with respect to the accuracy achieved, and can make LOQC fault-tolerant ...
The classical analog of the CNOT gate is a reversible XOR gate. How the CNOT gate can be used (with Hadamard gates) in a computation.. In computer science, the controlled NOT gate (also C-NOT or CNOT), controlled-X gate, controlled-bit-flip gate, Feynman gate or controlled Pauli-X is a quantum logic gate that is an essential component in the construction of a gate-based quantum computer.
In quantum computing and quantum information theory, the Clifford gates are the elements of the Clifford group, a set of mathematical transformations which normalize the n-qubit Pauli group, i.e., map tensor products of Pauli matrices to tensor products of Pauli matrices through conjugation.