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  2. Hard disk drive failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failure

    Data from a failed drive can sometimes be partially or totally recovered if the platters' magnetic coating is not totally destroyed. Specialized companies carry out data recovery, at significant cost. It may be possible to recover data by opening the drives in a clean room and using appropriate equipment to replace or revitalize failed ...

  3. File system fragmentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system_fragmentation

    File system fragmentation has less performance impact upon solid-state drives, as there is no mechanical seek time involved. [10] However, the file system needs to store additional metadata for each non-contiguous part of the file. Each piece of metadata itself occupies space and requires processing power and processor time.

  4. Data erasure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_erasure

    Data erasure (sometimes referred to as data clearing, data wiping, or data destruction) is a software-based method of data sanitization that aims to completely destroy all electronic data residing on a hard disk drive or other digital media by overwriting data onto all sectors of the device in an irreversible process. By overwriting the data on ...

  5. Hard disk drive - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive

    The HDD's electronics controls the movement of the actuator and the rotation of the disk and transfers data to or from a disk controller. Feedback of the drive electronics is accomplished by means of special segments of the disk dedicated to servo feedback. These are either complete concentric circles (in the case of dedicated servo technology ...

  6. ISO 9660 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9660

    An ISO 9660 compliant disc must contain at least one primary volume descriptor describing the file system and a volume descriptor set terminator which is a volume descriptor that marks the end of the descriptor set. The primary volume descriptor provides information about the volume, characteristics and metadata, including a root directory ...

  7. Standard RAID levels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_RAID_levels

    Diagram of a RAID 1 setup. RAID 1 consists of an exact copy (or mirror) of a set of data on two or more disks; a classic RAID 1 mirrored pair contains two disks.This configuration offers no parity, striping, or spanning of disk space across multiple disks, since the data is mirrored on all disks belonging to the array, and the array can only be as big as the smallest member disk.

  8. IOPS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOPS

    The specific number of IOPS possible in any system configuration will vary greatly, depending upon the variables the tester enters into the program, including the balance of read and write operations, the mix of sequential and random access patterns, the number of worker threads and queue depth, as well as the data block sizes. [1]

  9. Optical disc drive - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_disc_drive

    The optical drives in the photos are shown right side up; the disc would sit on top of them. The laser and optical system scans the underside of the disc. With reference to the top photo, just to the right of image center is the disc motor, a metal cylinder, with a gray centering hub and black rubber drive ring on top.