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In mathematics, the two-sided Laplace transform or bilateral Laplace transform is an integral transform equivalent to probability's moment-generating function. Two-sided Laplace transforms are closely related to the Fourier transform , the Mellin transform , the Z-transform and the ordinary or one-sided Laplace transform .
Integration is a political and economic agreement among countries that gives preference to member countries to the agreement. [1] General integration can be achieved in three different approachable ways: through the World Trade Organization (WTO), bilateral integration, and regional integration . [ 1 ]
Regional Integration is a process in which neighboring countries enter into an agreement in order to upgrade cooperation through common institutions and rules. The objectives of the agreement could range from economic to political to environmental, although it has typically taken the form of a political economy initiative where commercial interests are the focus for achieving broader socio ...
The Laplace transform can be alternatively defined as the bilateral Laplace transform, or two-sided Laplace transform, by extending the limits of integration to be the entire real axis. If that is done, the common unilateral transform simply becomes a special case of the bilateral transform, where the definition of the function being ...
Bilateralism is the conduct of political, economic, or cultural relations between two sovereign states.It is in contrast to unilateralism or multilateralism, which is activity by a single state or jointly by multiple states, respectively.
A bilateral free trade agreement is between two sides, where each side could be a country (or other customs territory), a trade bloc or an informal group of countries, and creates a free trade area.
The term "regional multilateralism" has been proposed by Harris Mylonas and Emirhan Yorulmazlar, suggesting that "contemporary problems can be better solved at the regional rather than the bilateral or global levels" and that bringing together the concept of regional integration with that of multilateralism is necessary in today's world. [10]
A bilateral development bank is a financial institution set up by one individual country to finance development projects in a developing country and its emerging market, hence the term bilateral, as opposed to multilateral. Examples include: