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Work 4.0 (German: Arbeit 4.0) is the conceptual umbrella under which the future of work is discussed in Germany and, to some extent, within the European Union. [1] It describes how the world of work may change until 2030 [ 2 ] and beyond in response to the developments associated with Industry 4.0 , including widespread digitalization . [ 3 ]
The latest officially released version of MasterFormat is the 2018 Edition, which uses the following Divisions: PROCUREMENT AND CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS GROUP:
The Classification of types of construction (CC), is a nomenclature for the classification of constructions (i.e. buildings) according to their type. It is based on the CPC that was published by the United Nations in 1991. Its final version was approved in 1997. [1] [2]
Many corporations have such standards, which define some terms and symbols specific to them; on the national and international level, ASME standard Y14.38 [1] is one of the standards. Australia utilises the Technical Drawing standards AS1100.101 (General Principals), AS1100-201 (Mechanical Engineering Drawing) and AS1100-301 (Structural ...
Construction – process of building or assembling infrastructure. A complex activity, large scale construction involves extensive multitasking. Normally, a job is managed by a project manager, and supervised by a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project architect.
In traditional construction contracts (known as design–bid–build contracts) the principal contractor is only engaged when a detailed design is complete. An invitation to tender is published and a number of contractors will price the construction of the design, from which a single winner will be chosen to complete the works. Contractors are ...
With the traditional design–bid–build process, a complete set of construction documents and specifications describes what the builder agrees to build and serves as the heart of the contract. On Fast-track projects, the design, construction documents and specifications are incomplete, so setting the final cost presents problems.
"Virtual design and construction BIMs are virtual because they show computer-based descriptions of the project. The BIM project model emphasizes those aspects of the project that can be designed and managed, i.e., the product (typically a building or plant [and infrastructure]), the organization that will define, design, construct, and operate it, and the process the organization teams will ...