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Acute stress can also affect a person's neural correlates which interfere with the memory formation. During a stressful time, a person's attention and emotional state may be affected, which could hinder the ability to focus while processing an image. Stress can also enhance the neural state of memory formation. [clarification needed] [29]
Particularly, the hippocampus is developing from birth to age 2 and is most vulnerable to the effects of stress during this time period. [9] During adolescence the hippocampus is fully organized and less vulnerable to the effects of stress. [9] The hippocampus also has connections with the body's stress response system. [10]
Research on the effect of emotional trauma on memory retention and amnesic symptoms has shown that exposure to prolonged levels of extreme stress has a direct effect on the hippocampus. Elevated stress levels can lead to an increase in the production of enkephalins and corticosteroids, which can produce abnormal neural activity and disrupt long ...
Amnesic patients with damage to the hippocampus are able to demonstrate some degree of unimpaired semantic memory, despite a loss of episodic memory, due to spared parahippocampal cortex. [38] In other words, retrograde amnesics "know" about information or skill, but cannot "remember" how they do.
Disrupted sleep and sleep loss interferes with the brain's ability to filter out bad memories, which could contribute to a range of mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, and post ...
In Alzheimer's disease (and other forms of dementia), the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage; short-term memory loss and disorientation are included among the early symptoms. Damage to the hippocampus can also result from oxygen starvation , encephalitis, or medial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Difficulty creating recent term memories is called anterograde amnesia and is caused by damage to the hippocampus part of the brain, which is a major part of the memory process. [8] Retrograde amnesia is also caused by damage to the hippocampus, but the memories that were encoded or in the process of being encoded in long-term memory are erased [8]
The attack was witnessed by a capable observer and reported as being a definite loss of recent memory (anterograde amnesia). There was an absence of clouding of consciousness or other cognitive impairment other than amnesia. There were no focal neurological signs or deficits during or after the attack.