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Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. [7] Symptoms include shortness of breath, fainting, tiredness, chest pain, swelling of the legs, and a fast heartbeat. [7] [1] The condition may make it difficult to exercise. [7] Onset is typically gradual. [8]
A pulmonary artery wedge pressure being less than 15 mmHg (also measured by right heart catheterization) excludes post-capillary bed (in the veins distal to the capillary bed) pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a subgroup of pulmonary hypertension and is categorized as World Health Organization as group 1. [3]
Pulmonary (or pulmonic [4]) regurgitation (or insufficiency, incompetence) is a condition in which the pulmonary valve is incompetent [5] and allows backflow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle of the heart during diastole. [6] While a small amount of backflow may occur ordinarily, it is usually only shown on an echocardiogram and ...
The examination typically includes a chest X-ray to check the lungs, a complete blood count, and kidney and liver function tests. Physical examination to determine the quality of the grafts or the safety of removing them, such as varicosities in the legs , or the Allen test in the arm is performed to be sure that blood supply to the arm will ...
A ventilation/perfusion lung scan, also called a V/Q lung scan, or ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy, is a type of medical imaging using scintigraphy and medical isotopes to evaluate the circulation of air and blood within a patient's lungs, [1] [2] in order to determine the ventilation/perfusion ratio.
Although higher pulmonary arterial pressures are associated with the development of HAPE, the presence of pulmonary hypertension may not in itself be sufficient to explain the development of edema; severe pulmonary hypertension can exist in the absence of clinical HAPE in subjects at high altitude. [9] [13]
The causes of pulmonary heart disease (cor pulmonale) are the following: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [10] COPD [2] Primary pulmonary hypertension [2] Blood clots in lungs/Pulmonary embolism [2] Kyphoscoliosis [2] Interstitial lung disease [2] Cystic fibrosis [2] Sarcoidosis [11] Obstructive sleep apnea (untreated) [2] Sickle cell ...
Asymmetry in chest expansion may be due to disease of lung or pleura. [14] Place the bony parts of the palm around the borders of the patient's scapulae while he or she says "ninety-nine" or "one one one" to test for fremitus. Repeat the sequence on the front of the chest.
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