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Bian Lian Performer. Bian Lian (traditional Chinese: 變臉; simplified Chinese: 变脸; pinyin: Biàn Liǎn; lit. 'Face-Changing') is an ancient Chinese dramatic art that is part of the more general Sichuan opera.
The Jing (simplified Chinese: 净; traditional Chinese: 淨) is a role type in Chinese opera for "rough" or "mighty" male characters. [citation needed] In many genres (such as Peking opera and Cantonese opera), this role requires heavy face painting. As a result, it is also known as Hualian ("Painted face").
Beijing opera costumes, 2012. Beijing opera was created in 1790 during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor in the Qing dynasty; however, the origins of its costumes can be traced back to the 14th century. [3] The costumes were set in the Qing dynasty but its style mainly followed the Ming dynasty's hanfu-style clothing.
Beijing opera boasts 16 basic facial patterns, but there are over 100 specific variations. The patterns and coloring are thought to be derived from traditional Chinese color symbolism and divination on the lines of a person's face, which is said to reveal personality.
An early form of Chinese drama is the Canjun Opera (參軍戲, or Adjutant Play) which originated from the Later Zhao Dynasty (319–351 AD). [10] [11] [12] In its early form, it was a simple comic drama involving only two performers, where a corrupt officer, Canjun or the adjutant, was ridiculed by a jester named Grey Hawk (蒼鶻). [10]
Costumes in Chinese theatre are very important, especially in Beijing Opera. They are usually heavily patterned with intense, bright colors. The standard items consist of at least 300 pieces and indicate the actors character type, age and social status through ornament, design, color and accessories.
The first film produced in China was Dingjun Mountain in 1905 which depicted extracted scenes from a Beijing opera play performed by Tan Xinpei. [14]: 289 The film was based on the 70th and 71st chapters of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. [15] In terms of genre, it can be classified as xiqupian (Chinese: 戏曲片; pinyin: xìqǔpiàn; lit.
The mangfu is also used as a form of xifu, theatrical costume, in Chinese opera, where it is typically found in the form of a round-necked robe, known as yuanlingpao. [7]: 300 In Beijing opera, the mangfu used as xifu is known as Mang. [8]