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The Catholic Church has long had a troubled relationship with the Jewish faith, with Christians having a negative attitude towards Jews [4] and being extremely opposed to them, so much so that it can be noted that there was an extreme "level of hostility against Jews inculcated by the Church", [1]: 817 dating as far back as the sixteenth century, where “blood purity laws” [1]: 816 ...
During this period, the Church was also a major patron of engineering for the construction of elaborate cathedrals. Since the Renaissance, Catholic scientists have been credited as fathers of a diverse range of scientific fields: Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) pioneered heliocentrism, René Descartes (1596-1650) father of analytical geometry and co-founder of modern philosophy, Jean-Baptiste ...
The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, (Second Edition). Cambridge University Press; 1999. ISBN 0-521-63722-8; Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Second Edition). Martin Gale; 2006. ISBN 0-02-865780-2; The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Oxford University Press; 1995. ISBN 0-19-866132-0; Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Routledge; 1998.
Addressing the problems of racism and anti-semitism in 1939, Pius XII said: What a wonderful vision, which makes us contemplate the human race in the unity of its origin in God in the unity of its nature, composed equally in all men of a material body and a spiritual soul; in the unity of its immediate end and its mission in the world; in the unity of its dwelling, the earth, whose benefits ...
[5] [6] The division of humankind into biologically separate groups, along with the assignment of particular physical and mental characteristics to these groups through constructing and applying corresponding explanatory models, is referred to as racialism, race realism, or race science by those who support these ideas.
Catholic social doctrine is rooted in the social teachings of the New Testament, [11] the Church Fathers, [12] the Old Testament, and Hebrew scriptures. [13] [14] The church responded to historical conditions in medieval and early modern Europe with philosophical and theological teachings on social justice which considered the nature of humanity, society, economy, and politics. [15]
The challenge for the psychology of religion is essentially threefold: to provide a thoroughgoing description of the objects of investigation, whether they be shared religious content (e.g., a tradition's ritual observances) or individual experiences, attitudes, or conduct;
Cognitive science of religion is the study of religious thought, theory, and behavior from the perspective of the cognitive sciences. Scholars in this field seek to explain how human minds acquire, generate, and transmit religious thoughts, practices, and schemas by means of ordinary cognitive capacities.