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Ice navigation occurs wherever a waterborne vessel transits through sea ice.One of the more common regions for ice navigation is the Baltic Sea, where vessels visiting the Baltic States will make their way through first year ice in the winter months, often with an icebreaker, or with ice reports, charts and data provided by meteorological offices.
In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013, through September 12, 2013, when the sea ice reached its minimum area of coverage for 2013. Measurement of sea ice is important for safety of navigation and for monitoring the environment, particularly the climate.
At a basic level, it is typically calculated in metres using the formula: Charted Depth − Draft-/+ Height of Tide = UKC. [3] Ship masters and deck officers can obtain the depth of water from Electronic navigational charts. [2] More dynamic or advanced calculations include safety margins for manoeuvring effects and squat. [7]
On nautical charts, the top of the chart is always true north, rather than magnetic north, towards which a compass points. Most charts include a compass rose depicting the variation between magnetic and true north. However, the use of the Mercator projection has drawbacks. This projection shows the lines of longitude as parallel.
Researchers hope the new tool that measures sea ice depth will help them understand the Arctic environment. Sea ice is thinning. Here’s how Boise State researchers are measuring its change
The International Ice Patrol is an organization with the purpose of monitoring the presence of icebergs in the Atlantic and Arctic oceans and reporting their movements for safety purposes. It is operated by United States Coast Guard but is funded by the 13 nations interested in trans-Atlantic navigation.
Bathymetric charts (not to be confused with hydrographic charts), are typically produced to support safety of surface or sub-surface navigation, and usually show seafloor relief or terrain as contour lines (called depth contours or isobaths) and selected depths , and typically also provide surface navigational information.
When going out on the ice, Peterson advised bringing a few items to make sure you remain safe: Spud bar - As mentioned earlier, a spud bar will allow you to properly test the ice you are walking on.