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As of 2024, the legal protection of foreign direct investment under public international law is guaranteed by a network of more than 2,750 bilateral investment treaties (BITs), multilateral investment treaties, such as the Energy Charter Treaty, and free trade agreements, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Most of these ...
Bilateral investment treaties (BITs) proliferated during the first decade of the 21st century, reaching more than 2,500 by 2007. Many such treaties contain text that refers present and future investment disputes to ICSID. [13] As of 30 June 2012, ICSID has registered 390 disputes.
International arbitration is an alternative to local court procedures. International arbitration has different rules than domestic arbitration, [6] and has its own non-country-specific standards of ethical conduct. [7] The process may be more limited than typical litigation and forms a hybrid between the common law and civil law legal systems. [8]
The London Court of International Arbitration. An arbitral tribunal or arbitration tribunal, also arbitration commission, arbitration committee or arbitration council is a panel of unbiased adjudicators which is convened and sits to resolve a dispute by way of arbitration.
M. Sornarajah, The International Law on Foreign Direct Investment, Cambridge University Press, 2004. Catharine Titi, The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law, Nomos and Hart, 2014, ISBN 9781849466110. Journal of International Arbitration, Kluwer Law International. Recent developments in international investment law August Reinisch, Ed.
The Court was founded in 1923 under the leadership of the ICC's first president Étienne Clémentel, a former French Minister of Finance. [4]Members of the ICC Court are appointed to three-year terms by the ICC World Council on the recommendation of ICC 'national committees' or groups.
the United Nations Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration (2015) the United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (the Singapore Convention on Mediation) (2018) the United Nations Convention on the International Effects of Judicial Sales of Ships (2022)
The Cairn Energy and Government of India dispute is mainly an ongoing tax and investment dispute which has its origins in 2005–2006. [1] [2] The case is closely linked to Cairn's partner in India, Vedanta, and to concepts such Ex post facto law in the form of retrospective taxation, bilateral investment treaties, and international arbitration between private and sovereign states.