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Intravenous or intramuscular oxytocin is the drug of choice for postpartum hemorrhage. [19] [20] Ergotamine may also be used. [2] Oxytocin helps the uterus to contract quickly and the contractions to last longer. [21] It is the first line treatment for PPH when its cause is the uterus not contracting well. [22]
Tranexamic acid is a medication used to treat or prevent excessive blood loss from major trauma, postpartum bleeding, surgery, tooth removal, nosebleeds, and heavy menstruation. [6] [7] It is also used for hereditary angioedema. [6] [2] It is taken either by mouth, injection into a vein, [6] or by intramuscular injection.
Perinatal stroke is a disease where an infant has a stroke between the 140th day of the gestation period and the 28th postpartum day, [1] affecting up to 1 in 2300 live births. [2] This disease is further divided into three subgroups, namely neonatal arterial ischemic stroke, neonatal cerebral sinovenous ischemic stroke, and presumed perinatal ...
A uterotonic, also known as an oxytocic or ecbolic, is a type of medication used to induce contraction or greater tonicity of the uterus. Uterotonics are used both to induce labor and to reduce postpartum hemorrhage. [1] Labor induction in the third trimester of pregnancy may be required due to medical necessity, or may be desired for social ...
Uterine atony is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage, which is an emergency and potential cause of fatality. Across the globe, postpartum hemorrhage is among the top five causes of maternal death. [2]
Uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) is a non-surgical method of treating refractory postpartum hemorrhage.Once postpartum hemorrhage has been identified and medical management given (including agents such as uterotonics and tranexamic acid), UBT may be employed to tamponade uterine bleeding without the need to pursue operative intervention.
Other definitions of excessive postpartum bleeding are hemodynamic instability, drop of hemoglobin of more than 10%, [12] or requiring blood transfusion. In the literature, primary postpartum hemorrhage is defined as uncontrolled bleeding that occurs in the first 24 hours after delivery while secondary hemorrhage occurs between 24 hours and six ...
The dosage of RhIG is calculated from the volume of fetal hemorrhage (in mL). Ex: 50 mL fetal hemorrhage / 30 mL = 1.667 (round up to 2) then add 1 = 3 vials of RhIG. [citation needed] Postpartum RhIG should be administered within 72 hours of delivery. If prophylaxis is delayed, the likelihood that alloimmunization will be prevented is decreased.
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