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alpha-ketoglutaric acid, a 5-carbon ketoacid derived from glutamic acid. Alpha-ketoglutarate participates in cell signaling by functioning as a coenzyme. [6] It is commonly used in transamination reactions. Beta-keto acids, beta-ketoacids, or 3-oxoacids, such as acetoacetic acid, have the ketone group at the second carbon
Acetoacetic acid (IUPAC name: 3-oxobutanoic acid, also known as acetonecarboxylic acid or diacetic acid) is the organic compound with the formula CH 3 COCH 2 COOH. It is the simplest beta- keto acid , and like other members of this class, it is unstable.
Ketogenesis pathway. The three ketone bodies (acetoacetate, acetone, and beta-hydroxy-butyrate) are marked within orange boxes. Ketogenesis is the biochemical process through which organisms produce ketone bodies by breaking down fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids.
Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules or compounds that contain the ketone groups produced from fatty acids by the liver (ketogenesis). [1] [2] Ketone bodies are readily transported into tissues outside the liver, where they are converted into acetyl-CoA (acetyl-Coenzyme A) – which then enters the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and is oxidized for energy.
Ketosis is a metabolic state characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine. Physiological ketosis is a normal response to low glucose availability. . In physiological ketosis, ketones in the blood are elevated above baseline levels, but the body's acid–base homeostasis is maintain
Pages in category "Beta-keto acids" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Acetoacetic acid;
Important keto-acids: pyruvic acid (top), acetoacetic acid, and levulinic acid (bottom). α-Keto-acids and -esters are well known. Pyruvic acid (CH 3 C(O)CO 2 H) is the parent α-ketoacid. Its conjugate base, pyruvate (CH 3 C(O)CO − 2), is a component of the citric acid cycle and product of glucose metabolism . The corresponding aldehyde-acid ...
The condensation reaction is accompanied by the decarboxylation of the extender unit, yielding a beta-keto functional group and releasing a carbon dioxide. [10] The first condensation yields an acetoacetyl group, a diketide.