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A prepayment penalty discourages borrowers from paying more or paying off the loan.
Prepayment speeds can be expressed in SMM (single monthly mortality), CPR (conditional prepayment rate, which is the annually compounded SMM), or PSA (percentage of the Public Securities Association prepayment model). For mortgages at least 30 months old, 100% PSA = 6.0% CPR = 0.51% SMM, equivalent to the full prepayment of 6% of a pool's ...
Commercial mortgages often contain lockout provisions (typically a period of 1–5 years [2] where there can be no prepayment of the loan) which they can be subject to defeasance, yield maintenance and prepayment penalties to protect bondholders. European CMBS issues typically have less prepayment protection.
By charging a borrower points, a lender effectively increases the yield on the loan above the amount of the stated interest rate. Borrowers can offer to pay a lender points as a method to reduce the interest rate on the loan, thus obtaining a lower monthly payment in exchange for this up-front payment.
The exact amount of a prepayment penalty varies from one lender to the next. In general, you can expect the fee to range from 2 percent to 5 percent of your loan.
Some online banks offer high-yield savings accounts with rates that rival or even exceed no-penalty CDs. Minimum opening deposits. Many no-penalty CDs require minimum deposits of $500 to $1,000.
Since the 2007–2008 financial crisis, lenders have started to focus on a new metric, debt yield, to complement the debt service coverage ratio. Debt yield is defined as the net operating income (NOI) of a property divided by the amount of the mortgage.
Since prepayments typically rise as interest rates fall and vice versa, the basic (pass-through) MBS typically has negative bond convexity (second derivative of price over yield), meaning that the price has more downside than upside as interest rates vary. The MBS-holder's exposure to borrower prepayment has several names: call risk; extension risk