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The main discussion of these abbreviations in the context of drug prescriptions and other medical prescriptions is at List of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions. Some of these abbreviations are best not used, as marked and explained here.
The innate immune system is the immune system's first line of defense, responding rapidly and nonspecifically to invading pathogens. It is activated when pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as endotoxins and double-stranded viral RNA , bind to the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of immune cells, causing them to secrete ...
Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is an integrin found on lymphocytes and other leukocytes. [1] LFA-1 plays a key role in emigration, which is the process by which leukocytes leave the bloodstream to enter the tissues.
Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 (CXCL4) . This chemokine is released from alpha-granules of activated platelets during platelet aggregation, and promotes blood coagulation by moderating the effects of heparin-like molecules.
Mechanism of NF-κB action. The classic "canonical" NF-κB complex is a heterodimer of p50 and RelA, [1] as shown. NF-κB waits for activation in the cytosol, complexed with the inhibitory protein IκBα. Various extracellular signals can enter the cell via membrane receptors and activate the enzyme IκB kinase (IKK).
One such defense mechanism thought to be activated by rintatolimod is the production of the enzyme RNase L. This enzyme degrades RNA, both viral and cellular. Degradation of RNA prevents viral and cell replication, and destruction of all RNA within a virus or cell is the last step before apoptosis or death.
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Ibrutinib is a potent, irreversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). The acrylamide group of ibrutinib forms a covalent bond with the cysteine residue C481 in the BTK active site, leading to sustained inhibition of BTK enzymatic activity.