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A commonly used surrogate marker for the estimation of creatinine clearance is the Cockcroft–Gault (CG) formula, which in turn estimates GFR in ml/min: [21] It is named after the scientists, the asthmologist Donald William Cockcroft (b. 1946) and the nephrologist Matthew Henry Gault (1925–2003), who first published the formula in 1976, and ...
The above formula only applies for GFR calculation when it is equal to the clearance rate. The normal range of GFR, adjusted for body surface area , is 100–130 average 125 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2 ) in men and 90–120 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2 ) in women younger than the age of 40.
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Colin Cockcroft (1918–1987), South African military commander; Donald William Cockcroft (1946–), Canadian asthmologist; see Cockcroft-Gault formula; George Cockcroft (born 1932), American novelist who published under the name Luke Rhinehart; Sir John Douglas Cockcroft (1897–1967), British nuclear physicist
Similarly, calculated measurements of renal function (such as the Cockcroft-Gault formula) are unlikely to reflect actual activity of the kidney, as these calculations were developed for patients in whom the circulatory system correlates with the body weight; this relation is lost in a post-hemicorporectomy patient.
Formulas such as the Cockcroft and Gault formula and the MDRD formula (see Renal function) try to adjust for these variables. Cystatin C has a low molecular weight (approximately 13.3 kilodaltons), and it is removed from the bloodstream by glomerular filtration in the kidneys. If kidney function and glomerular filtration rate decline, the blood ...
Serum creatinine (a blood measurement) is an important indicator of kidney function, because it is an easily measured byproduct of muscle metabolism that is excreted unchanged by the kidneys.
Diagram showing the basic physiologic mechanisms of the kidney. The renal clearance ratio or fractional excretion is a relative measure of the speed at which a constituent of urine passes through the kidneys.