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The monarchy of Greece was created by the London Conference of 1832 at which the First Hellenic Republic was abolished. [citation needed] The Greek crown was originally offered to Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha but he declined, later being elected the king of the Belgians.
The forms of the Republic were maintained until the final collapse of the junta in July 1974 and the transitional period that followed (i.e. monarchy was not restored), and on 8 December 1974, another referendum was held, in which the Greek people confirmed the abolition of the monarchy, and the establishment of the current Third Hellenic Republic.
A military coup d'état restored the monarchy in 1935 and Greece became a kingdom again until 1973. [ note 1 ] [ note 2 ] The kingdom was finally dissolved in the aftermath of a seven-year military dictatorship (1967–1974) and the Third Hellenic Republic was established following a referendum held in 1974.
Greece: 1920 Greek referendum: 22 November 1920 monarchy restored - - Constantine I returned to the throne [8] Greece: 1924 Greek republic referendum: 13 April 1924 monarchy abolished 69.98 30.02 On 25 March 1924 the Second Hellenic Republic was proclaimed [9] Greece: 1935 Greek monarchy referendum: 3 November 1935 monarchy restored 2.1 97.9
Ioannis Kapodistrias. On his arrival, Kapodistrias launched a major reform and modernisation programme that covered all areas. He re-established military unity by bringing an end to the second phase of the civil war; re-organised the military, which was then able to reconquer territory lost to the Ottoman military during the civil wars; and introduced the first modern quarantine system in ...
As member of both the EU and the Union for the Mediterranean, Greece is a key player in the eastern Mediterranean region and has encouraged the collaboration between neighbors, as well as promoting the Energy Triangle, for gas exports to Europe. Greece also has the largest economy in the Balkans, where it is an important regional investor.
Greece experienced a sustained depression with the onset of the Global Financial Crisis, as real GDP per capita declined by 20% over the period 2007–2017. [25] Greece entered into the longest and largest depression for a modern middle- or high-income country. [25] By April 2010 the government realized that it would need a rescue package.
Monarchy was abolished in 1974, making the political parties the sole determinants of politics in Greece. Further, 1974 saw the establishment of a new party, the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) under Andreas Papandreou, representing a socialist ideology. For the decades to come, PASOK and New Democracy were the two parties that dominated ...