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Youden's J statistic is = + = + with the two right-hand quantities being sensitivity and specificity.Thus the expanded formula is: = + + + The index was suggested by W. J. Youden in 1950 [1] as a way of summarising the performance of a diagnostic test; however, the formula was earlier published in Science by C. S. Pierce in 1884. [2]
Negative numbers: Real numbers that are less than zero. Because zero itself has no sign, neither the positive numbers nor the negative numbers include zero. When zero is a possibility, the following terms are often used: Non-negative numbers: Real numbers that are greater than or equal to zero. Thus a non-negative number is either zero or positive.
For example, −3 represents a negative quantity with a magnitude of three, and is pronounced "minus three" or "negative three". Conversely, a number that is greater than zero is called positive; zero is usually (but not always) thought of as neither positive nor negative. [2]
Less than Zero is a 1987 American drama film directed by Marek Kanievska, loosely based on the 1985 novel by Bret Easton Ellis.The film stars Andrew McCarthy as Clay, a college freshman returning home for Christmas to spend time with his ex-girlfriend Blair and his friend Julian (Robert Downey Jr.), both of whom have become drug addicts.
An integer is positive if it is greater than zero, and negative if it is less than zero. Zero is defined as neither negative nor positive. The ordering of integers is compatible with the algebraic operations in the following way: If a < b and c < d, then a + c < b + d; If a < b and 0 < c, then ac < bc
In mathematics, the class of Z-matrices are those matrices whose off-diagonal entries are less than or equal to zero; that is, the matrices of the form: = ();,. Note that this definition coincides precisely with that of a negated Metzler matrix or quasipositive matrix, thus the term quasinegative matrix appears from time to time in the literature, though this is rare and usually only in ...
Social Security is the U.S. government's biggest program; as of June 30, 2024, about 67.9 million people, or one in five Americans, collected Social Security benefits. This year, we're seeing a...
Less than Zero is the debut novel of Bret Easton Ellis, published in 1985. It was his first published effort, released when he was 21 years old, and still a student at Bennington College . The novel was titled after the Elvis Costello song of the same name .