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The Fundamental Law of Education and the School Education Law, both enacted in 1947, laid the foundation for a new education system modelled after the American system, with six years of elementary, three years of lower secondary, three years of upper secondary, and four years of university education. Compulsory education was extended to nine ...
The Fundamental Law of Education, as the name suggests, is a law concerning the foundation of Japanese education.Because it acts as the basis for the interpretation and application of various laws & ordinances regarding education, it is also known as "The Education Constitution" (教育憲法, kyōiku kenpō) [1] and "The Charter of Education" (教育憲章, kyōiku kenshō). [2]
According to Japanese law, the term "shonen" refers to "a person from the time they enter elementary school until the time they are 15 years of age", [2] and "Any person who has not reached the age of 15 years" (Juvenile Law (少年法, Shonen Hō), Article 2.1). In the realm of education and culture, this is the period of compulsory education.
The legal extent of the standard has been unclear. While the standard is not a law per se, court cases in the past have shown that it is legally binding to some extent. For example, in 1990, the High Court in Fukuoka ruled that a prefectural high school lawfully fired its teacher who taught a course in a way that violated curriculum guidelines.
The minimum number of school days in a year is 210 in Japan, compared to 180 in the United States. A significant part of the school calendar is taken up by non-academic events such as sports days and school trips. [2] Teachers often majored in the subjects they taught. Each class is assigned a homeroom teacher who doubles as counselor.
Faculty of Law is one of the oldest 4 faculties (Science, Medicine, Law and Letters) of the University of Tokyo and the oldest law school in Japan. Most of Japan's high-level bureaucrats are graduates of the University of Tokyo's Faculty of Law, [ 1 ] and it has long produced political and judicial establishment in Japan.
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The law of Japan refers to the legal system in Japan, which is primarily based on legal codes and statutes, with precedents also playing an important role. [1] Japan has a civil law legal system with six legal codes, which were greatly influenced by Germany, to a lesser extent by France, and also adapted to Japanese circumstances.