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On 20 July 1961 and through a popular referendum, the people of Somalia ratified a new constitution, which was first drafted in 1960. [108] In 1967, Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal became Prime Minister, a position to which he was appointed by Shermarke. Egal would later become the President of the autonomous Somaliland region in northwestern Somalia.
In addition to Somali, Arabic, which is also an Afro-Asiatic tongue, is an official national language in Somalia and Djibouti. Many Somalis speak it due to millennia-old ties with the Arab world, the far-reaching influence of the Arabic media, and religious education. [167] Somalia and Djibouti are also both members of the Arab League. [38] [168]
Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland. [15] Somalia has an estimated population of 18.1 million, [16] [17] [18] of which 2.7 million live in the capital and largest city, Mogadishu. Around 85% of its residents are ethnic Somalis and the official languages of the country are Somali and Arabic, though the former is the primary ...
Child marriages, known to deprive women of opportunities to reach their full potential, have among women aged 20–24, 36 percent of total population. [2]The April 2020 SHDS report further unveils that fertility rates remain very high, the total fertility rate for Somalia is 6.9 children per woman, the highest in the world, which would impact planning for the next years. [2]
UN migration estimates of the international migrant stock 2015 suggest that 1,998,764 people from Somalia were living abroad. [1] [28] As of 31 March 2020, the number of refugees from Somalia registered with the UNHCR was 763,933. This is down from a peak of almost 990,000 in June 2013.
According to the 2007 census from the Central Statistical Authority, the Somalis were the third largest ethnic group in Ethiopia with roughly 4.6 million people [1] accounting for 8.2% of the country's population, after the Oromo (34.4%) and Amhara (27%). [3]
Adal's history from this founding period forth would be characterized by a succession of battles with neighboring Abyssinia. [ 9 ] In 1332, the Zeila-based King of Adal was slain in a military campaign aimed at halting the Abyssinian Emperor Amda Seyon I 's march toward the city to avenge the slaughtered Christians including a famous monk sent ...
An estimate on the "total number of people who have ever lived" as of 1995 was calculated by Haub (1995) at "about 105 billion births since the dawn of the human race" with a cut-off date at 50,000 BC (beginning of the Upper Paleolithic), and inclusion of a high infant mortality rate throughout pre-modern history. [13]